Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is a key regulator of the fibrinolytic pathway, binding to tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and inhibiting the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, which decreases fibrinolysis.
A single base deletion at nucleotide 675 (4G/5G) in the promoter region of the PAI-1 gene increases transcription and results in higher PAI-1 protein levels. Individuals with 4G/5G (heterozygous) or 4G/4G (homozygous) genotypes have elevated PAI-1, which suppresses fibrinolysis and increases thrombotic risk.genotypes have elevated PAI-1, which suppr
PAI-1 polymorphisms have been associated with myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, ischemic stroke, and pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia, stillbirth, and recurrent spontaneous miscarriage, particularly in women homozygous for 4G/4G.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with reverse hybridization.