Folates are a subset of vitamins related to pteroylglutamic acid (PGA) that function as co-enzymes in metabolic reactions involving the transfer of single carbon units. Folate and vitamin B12 are necessary for DNA synthesis, and consequently normal red blood cell maturation. Folate deficiency can lead to macrocytic (megaloblastic) anemia.
Folate is obtained from dietary sources including fruits, green and leafy vegetables, yeast, and organ meats. It is absorbed from the small intestine and stored in the liver. Low folate intake, malabsorption due to gastrointestinal disease, pregnancy, and the use of drugs such as phenytoin, oral contraceptives, and excessive alcohol consumption can lead to folate deficiency. Low serum folate concentrations are an early indication of folate depletion and precede tissue depletion.
Adequate folate concentrations during pregnancy are important for prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs). Folate supplementation prior to conception and during early pregnancy reduces the incidence of NTD-affected births.
Store/transport at 15–30°C for ≤8 hours; 2–8°C for ≤48 hours; freeze at ≤ –20°C if delayed. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles.
Hemolyzed or unseparated specimens.
Enhanced Chemiluminescence.
5.9 to > 24.8 ng/mL